Form a Gas

Inflate a balloon without blowing into it, or using a pump! You can do this by making a gas and then getting it to go into a balloon. The gas is called carbon dioxide. It is this gas which forms the bubbles in soda water and fizzy drinks.

Materials:
1. Vinegar
2. Sodium Bicarbonate
3. Balloon
4. Funnel
5. Narrow-Necked Bottle

Procedures:
1. Pour some vinegar into the narrow-necked bottle until it is about a quarter full.
2. Using the funnel, fill the balloon with sodium bicarbonate powder.
3. Stretch the neck of the balloon over the neck of the bottle. Do not let the sodium bicarbonate escape from the balloon.
4. Lift the balloon so that the sodium bicarbonate falls into the bottle. The vinegar begins to fizz and the balloon slowly starts to inflate. The vinegar reacts with the sodium bicarbonate to release bubbles of carbon dioxide gas. As more as gas forms, its pressure increases and the balloon expands.

Exploding drink
Shake a bottle of fizzy drink then unscrew the cap. The drink fizzes up out of the bottle! Carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in the water in the drink. It is kept under pressure in the bottle. When you unscrew the cap, you reduce the pressure and the gas bubbles up out of the water.

Discovery the Gasses in the Air

Put out the candle without blowing on it or touching it. When you do this experiment, you show that air is a mixture of invisible gases. One of these is especially important. It is oxygen which is used when things burn and produce energy.

Materials:
1. Candle
2. Coloured water
3. Glass jar
4. Bowl and Candle holder

Procedures:
1. Put the candle in the holder and place it in the bowl. Then pour in the water.
2. Ask an adult to light the candle. Then place the jar over it. Leave it for a little while.
3. At first, the water level in the jar rises, and then the flame suddenly goes out!

Air and Energy
Like other cars this racing car gets its energy from petrol burning in its engine. Burning fuel provides most of the energy we use for heating and powering machines. This process uses oxygen, which comes from the air around us.

Weight Some Air

When something is very light, people often say “It’s as light as air”. But air is not light at all. Do this simple experiment to show that air is really quite heavy.

Materials:
1. Balloon pump
2. Two balloons
3. Rubber band
4. Two Drawing Pins
5. Long thin piece of wood
6. Ruler
7. Pencil
8. Sticky tape
9. thread

Procedures:
1. Use the ruler to find the centre of the wood. Then mark it.
2. Push a drawing pin into each side at the centre mark.
3. Tie the thread to the middle of the rubber band.
4. Fix the loops of the rubber band around the drawing pins. Lift the wood by the thread. It should balance.
5. Tape one of the balloon to one end of the wood.
6. Tape the second balloon to the other end of the wood. Check that it still balances. Then remove one balloon and blow it up.
7. Tie the neck of the blown-up balloon and attach it to the wood in the same place as before. The balloon make the wood lose its balance.


Drinking with a straw.
When you drink through a straw, the weight of the air helps you. The air above the drinks pushes on the surface of the liquid. As you suck, it forces the liquid up through the straw to your mouth.

Crush With Air

Make a plastic bottle collapse without touching it! The air does the job for you. You cannot feel air, but it presses against every surface. This is called “air pressure”.

Materials:

1. Ice
2. Funnel
3. Hot and Cold Water
4. Plastic soft drinks bottle
5. Bowl

Procedure:

1. Stand the bottle upright in a bowl. Pour the hot water into it and leave it for a short time.
2. Screw the top on the bottle. Lay the bottle in the bowl and pour ice and cold water over it. Then stand it up.
3. The bottle collapses! As the warm air inside the bottle cools, it exerts less pressure. The air outside is stronger and crushes the bottle.

Seal with Air

Stop water falling out of an upturned glass. A card can stick to a glass and keep the water in it, as if by magic! Air pressure forces the card upwards, against the glass. The pressure is strong enough to stop the weight of water pushing the card away.



Materials:

1. Thin flat card
2. Glass
3. Water



Procedure:

1. Hold the glass over a sink or a basin. Carefully pour some water into the glass.
2. Place the card on the glass. Hold down so the eard touches the rim all the way around.
3. Still holding the card turns the glass upside-down. Let go the card. The water stays in the glass!